Publications: L
Latorre, J.P. & Amores, J.J., 'Topic modelling of racist and xenophobic YouTube comments. Analyzing hate speech against migrants and refugees spread through YouTube in Spanish' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 456-460
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Lau, S.B., Bersamira, C.S., Lee, Y.J. & Yamauchi, J., 'Asian American social workers’ experiences and perspectives on anti-Asian hate' (2023), Journal of Social Work [online]
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Laurent, M., 'Project Hatemeter: Helping NGOs and Social Science Researchers to Analyze and Prevent Anti-Muslim Hate Speech on Social Media' (2020), Procedia Computer Science, 176, pp. 2143-2153
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Laurent, M., 'Hatemeter Project: Analysis of Hate Speech on Twitter a Join Effort of Computer Science, Humanities and Social Sciences' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2606, pp. 50-55
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Lautenbacher, J., Jahnke, S., Speer, D. & Beelmann, A., 'Evaluation of the web-based training “OHA—Online Hass Abbauen”—submodule offenses and violence | [Evaluation des webbasierten Trainings „OHA – Online Hass Abbauen“ – Teilmodul Straftaten und Gewalt]' (2021), Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 15(2), pp. 134-142
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Lavergne, E., Saini, R., Kovács, G. & Murphy, K., 'TheNorth @ HaSpeeDe 2: BERT-based language model fine-tuning for Italian hate speech detection' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2765
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Laverick, W. & Joyce, N.P., 'Reinterpreting the UK Response to Hate Crime' (2020), British Journal of Community Justice, 16(1), pp. 82-102
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LaViolette, N., 'Independent human rights documentation and sexual minorities: An ongoing challenge for the Canadian refugee determination process' (2009), The International Journal of Human Rights, 13(2-3), pp.437-492
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Law Commission, 'Offensive and abusive online communications – Summary of scoping Report' (2018)
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Law Commission (Law Com No 213), 'Hate crime: The case for extending the existing offences' (2013), London: Law Commission
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Law Commission (Law Com No 348), 'Hate crime: Should the current offences be extended?' (2014)
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Law Enforcement Support Section (LESS) & Crime Statistics Management Unit (CSMU), 'Hate crime data collection guidelines and training manual (Version 2.0)' (2015), Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program
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Law, I. & Sayyid, S., 'Racist futures: Themes and prospects' (2007), Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(4), pp.527-533
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Lawrence, F. M., 'The punishment of hate: Toward a normative theory of bias-motivated crimes' (1994), Michigan Law Review, 93(2), pp.320-381
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Lawrence, F.M., 'Punishing hate: Bias crimes under American law' (2002), USA: Harvard University Press
Lawrence, F.M., 'The evolving federal role in bias crime law enforcement and the Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007' (2008), Stanford Law & Policy Review, 19(2), pp.251-282
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Lawrence, C., 'Sacred selfish: Effects of the rise of fear' (2007), Summer Impact 15
Lawrence, F.M., 'The hate crime project and its limitations: Evaluating the societal gains and risk in bias crime law enforcement' (2007), Social Consciousness in Legal Decision Making, pp.209-226
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Layug, A., Krishnamurthy, S., McKenzie, R. & Feng, B., 'The Impacts of Social Media Use and Online Racial Discrimination on Asian American Mental Health: Cross-sectional Survey in the United States During COVID-19' (2022), JMIR Formative Research, 6(9), e38589
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Lazaridis, G. & Tsagkroni, V., 'Posing for legitimacy? Identity and praxis of far-right populism in Greece' (2016), in G. Lazaridis, G. Campani & A. Benveniste (Eds.), The Rise of the Far Right in Europe (pp.201-237). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
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Lazaridis, G. & Tsagkroni, V., 'Majority identitarian populism in Britain' (2016), in G. Lazaridis, G. Campani & A. Benveniste (Eds.), The rise of the Far Right in Europe (pp.239-272). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
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Lazaridis, G. & Veikou, M., 'The rise of the far right in Greece and opposition to ‘othering’, hate speech, and crime by civil and civic organizations' (2016), Journal of Civil Society, pp.1-17
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Lazzardi, S., Patti, V. & Rosso, P., 'Categorizing misogynistic behaviours in Italian, English and Spanish tweets | [Categorización de comportamientos misóginos en tweets en Italiano, Inglés y Español' (2021), Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural, 66, pp. 65-76
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lbertín Carbó, P., Langarita Adiego, J.A. & Grau, J.M., 'Anti-Lgtbi+ Hate Crimes. Opportunities, Limits and Challenges in the Criminal Justice System | [DELITOS DE ODIO ANTI-LGTBI+. OPORTUNIDADES, LÍMITES Y DESAFÍOS EN EL SISTEMA PENAL]' (2022), Revista Espanola de Investigacion Criminologica, 20(2)
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Le, T., Ye, Y., Hu, Y. & Lee, D., 'CrypText: Database and Interactive Toolkit of Human-Written Text Perturbations in the Wild' (2023), Proceedings - International Conference on Data Engineering, 2023, pp. 3639–3642
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Le-Hong, P., 'Diacritics generation and application in hate speech detection on Vietnamese social networks' (2021), Knowledge-Based Systems, 233, 107504
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Leach, T., 'Sexuality and transgender discrimination' (1996), HIV/AIDS Legal Link, 7(1), 26
Leader, T., Mullen, B. & Rice, D., 'Complexity and valence in Ethnophaulisms and exclusion of ethnic out-groups: What puts the “hate” into hate speech?' (2009), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(1), pp.170-182
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Leander, N.P., Kreienkamp, J., Agostini, M., Stroebe, W., Gordijn, E.H. & Kruglanski, A.W., 'Biased Hate Crime Perceptions Can Reveal Supremacist Sympathies' (2020), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(32), pp. 19072-19079
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Leath, S., Scott, E.D., Rivens, A., Jones, M.K. & Koroma, N., '“We Need to See Action”: An Institutional Case Study of the Summer of Hate and Black Student Resistance' (2022), Journal of Diversity in Higher Education [online]
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Leburu-Dingalo, T., Ntwaagae, K.J., Motlogelwa, N.P., Thuma, E. & Mudongo, M., 'Application of XLM-RoBERTa for Multi-Class Classification of Conversational Hate Speech' (2022), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 3395, pp. 590-595
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Lee, J., 'Asian Americans, affirmative action & the rise in anti-Asian hate' (2021), Daedalus, 150(2), pp. 180-198
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Lee, S., 'Asian critical theory in understanding the women victims of anti-Asian hate crimes' (2022), International Social Work [online]
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Lee, H., 'Relentless villains or fervent netizens?: The alt-right community in Korea, Ilbe' (2021), Internet Histories [online]
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Lee, Kristi, 'Hate Crimes and Their Impact on Mental Health for Targeted Individuals and Communities.' (2020)
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Lee Badgett, M.V., 'The wage effects of sexual orientation discrimination' (1995), Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 48(4), pp.726-739
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Lee, B.A. & Schreck, C.J., 'Danger on the streets: Marginality and victimization among homeless people' (2005), American Behavioral Scientist, 48(8), pp.1055-1081
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Lee, C., 'COVID-19 conspiracy theories as affective discourse' (2022), in M. Demata, V. Zorzi & A. Zottola (Eds.) Conspiracy Theory Discourses (Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture, 98) (pp. 215-238), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing
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Lee, C.A. & Arroyo, J.C., 'A Typology of Local and State Government Responses to Racism: A Case of Anti-Asian Hate in the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), Journal of Planning Education and Research [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Questing for Justice on Twitter: Topic Modeling of #StopAsianHate Discourses in the Wake of Atlanta Shooting' (2021), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Examining #StopAsianHate discourse on Twitter using framing and thematic analyses: Focusing on motivational framing with express behaviour upon the 2021 Atlanta shootings' (2024), Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 34(2), e2779
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Lee, E. & Johnstone, M., 'Lest We Forget: Politics of Multiculturalism in Canada Revisited during COVID-19' (2021), Critical Sociology [online]
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Lee, E., Rustam, F., Washington, P.B., Barakaz, F.E., Aljedaani, W. & Ashraf, I., 'Racism Detection by Analyzing Differential Opinions Through Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Using Stacked Ensemble GCR-NN Mode' (2022), IEEE Access, 10, pp. 9717-9728
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Lee, J.J. & Lee, J., '#StopAsianHate on TikTok: Asian/American Women’s Space-Making for Spearheading Counter-Narratives and Forming an Ad Hoc Asian Community' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(1)
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Lee, J.J., Leyva Vera, C.A., Ramirez, J.I., Munguia, L., Aguirre Herrera, J., Basualdo, G., Small, L. & Robles, G., '‘They already hate us for being immigrants and now for being trans—we have double the fight’: A qualitative study of barriers to health access among transgender Latinx immigrants in the United States' (2022), Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health [online]
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Lee, K. & Ram, S., 'PERSONA: Personality-based deep learning for detecting hate speech' (2020), International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2020 - Making Digital Inclusive: Blending the Local and the Global
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Lee, M., Park, I.Y., Park, M., Tran, P.K., Cozier, Y.C. & Hahm, H.C., 'COVID-19-Related Racial Discrimination during Lockdown and Its Impact on Asian American Women' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(16), 6546
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Lee, N., Jung, C. & Oh, A., 'Hate Speech Classifiers are Culturally Insensitive' (2023), Cross-Cultural Considerations in NLP at EACL, C3NLP 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 35–46
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Lee, R.K.-W., Cao, R., Fan, Z., Jiang, J. & Chong, W.-H., 'Disentangling Hate in Online Memes' (2021), MM 2021 - Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 5138-5147
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Lee, S., 'Older Asian Adults with Limited English Proficiency and Racism Through the Lens of Asian Human Service Workers' (2023), Journal of Gerontological Social Work [online]
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