Publications: S
Santos, D.L., 'Negative campaigning. Comparative analysis of the hate speech broadcast by Catalonian political leaders on their official Twitter accounts and television | Negatividad en procesos electorales. Análisis comparative del discurso de odio difundido por los líderes politicos catalanes en su cuenta oficial de Twitter y en televisión' (2023), Doxa Comunicacion, 2023(37)
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Santos, R.B., Matos, B.C., Carvalho, P., Batista, F. & Ribeiro, R., 'Semi-Supervised Annotation of Portuguese Hate Speech Across Social Media Domains' (2022), OpenAccess Series in Informatics, 104, 11
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Sanya, A.D. & Suadaa, L.H., 'Handling Imbalanced Dataset on Hate Speech Detection in Indonesian Online News Comments' (2022), 2022 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICoICT 2022, pp. 380-385
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Sardo, A., 'Hate Speech: A Pragmatic Assessment of the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence' (2022), European Convention on Human Rights Law Review, 4(1), pp. 58-99
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Sari, T.I., Ardilla, Z.N., Hayatin, N. & Maskat, R., 'Abusive comment identification on Indonesian social media data using hybrid deep learning' (2022), IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 11(3), pp. 895-904
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Sarikakis, K., Kassa, B.E., Fenz, N., Goldschmitt S., Kasser, J. & Nowotarski, L., '“My haters and I”: Personal and political responses to hate speech against female journalists in Austria' (2021), Feminist Media Studies [online]
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Sarikakis, K., Mills, A., Maurer, A. & Khoschsorur, F., 'Far-right nationalism and populism in Europe: Assaults on press freedom' (2017), University of Vienna, Vienna Media Governance and Media Industries Lab
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Sarkar, S. & Rajan, B., 'Materiality and Discursivity of Cyber Violence Against Women in India' (2021), Journal of Creative Communications [online]
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Sarker, M., Hossain, M.F., Liza, F.R., Sakib, S.N. & Al Farooq, A., 'A Machine Learning Approach to Classify Anti-social Bengali Comments on Social Media' (2022), 2022 International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ICAEEE 2022
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Särmä, S., 'Underbelly: Making Online Hate Visible' (2020), New Perspectives, 28(1), pp. 128-141
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Sarre, R., 'Religious violence: An international reflection' (1991), Criminology Australia, 3(1), 22
Sarre, R. & Tomsen, S., 'Violence and HIV/AIDS: Exploring the link between homophobic violence and HIV/AIDS as a ‘gay disease’' (1997), in Mason, G. & Tomsen, S. (eds.) Homophobic Violence. Australia: Hawkins Press.
Sathishkumar, R., Karthikeyan, T., Praveen, K.P. & Shamsundar, S.M., 'Ensemble Text Classification with TF-IDF Vectorization for Hate Speech Detection in Social Media' (2023), 2023 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023
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Sato, M., 'A Digital Turn: Recognizing Asian Gendered Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), ACME, 21(3), pp. 303-310
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Sato, A., 'Sanitising Social Media and the Production of Non-political Creative Content' (2022), Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 23(1), pp. 78-96
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Satyanarayana, K., 'Caste violence: Free speech or atrocity?' (2019), in P.K. Malreddy, A.S. Purakayastha & B. Heidemann (Eds.) Violence in South Asia: Contemporary Perspectives (pp. 37-51), London & New York: Routledge
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Saucier, D.A., Brown, T.L., Mitchell, R.C. & Cawman, A.J., 'Effects of victims’ characteristics on attitudes toward hate crimes' (2006), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21(7), pp.890-909
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Saud, J. & Mozin, N., 'Hate speech law and its analysis on technological information manipulation' (2022), AIP Conference Proceedings, 2573, 040003-1
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S. & Upadhyay, N.K., 'Policing Cyber Hate: A Comparative Analysis Between Malaysia and India' (2022), Indian Journal of Law and Justice, 13(2), pp. 29-49
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S., Mohammad, A.M., Jabar, N.A.A., Rosli, W.R.W. & Talib, Z.M., 'Disruptive AI Technology and Hate Speech: A Legal Redress in Malaysia' (2023), 2023 International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2023, pp. 759–763
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Saul, B., 'Submission to the Australian Law Reform Commission Review of Commonwealth Sedition Laws' (2006), University of New South Wales Gilbert and Tobin Centre of Public Law
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Sausdal, D., 'Police Prejudice or Logics? Analyzing the “Bornholm Murder Case”' (2022), Conflict and Society, 8(1), pp. 1-19
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Sauvé, J.-S., 'Prohibiting discrimination against trans∗ people: Improving the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms by adding “gender identity” and “gender expression” to the list of defined discriminations' (2015), Enfances, Familles, Generations, 23, pp.108-126
Savelsberg, J. & King, R., 'Institutionalizing collective memories of hate: Law and law enforcement in Germany and the United States' (2005), American Journal of Sociology, 111(2), pp.579-616
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Savimäki, T., Kaakinen, M., Räsänen, P. & Oksanen, A., 'Disquieted by online hate: Negative experiences of Finnish adolescents and young adults' (2018), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online], pp.1-15
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Savoia, E., Su, M., Harriman, N. & Testa, M.A., 'Evaluation of A School Campaign to Reduce Hatred' (2019), Journal for Deradicalization, (21), pp. 43-83
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Saxena, S., Dixit, A.K. & Memoria, M., 'A Study of Web 3.0 Blockchain and Natural Learning Process Programming Study: Hate Discourse Detection' (2023), Proceedings of International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics, IC3I 2023, pp. 142–146
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Sayer, D., 'Hundreds and hundreds' (2023), Anthropology and Humanism [online]
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Sayyid, S., 'Islamophobia and the Europeanness of the other Europe' (2018), Patterns of Prejudice, 52(5), pp.420-435
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Sazany, E. & Budi, I., 'Hate Speech Identification in Text Written in Indonesian With Recurrent Neural Network' (2019), 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems, ICACSIS 2019, 8979959, pp. 211-216
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Scahill, A., 'Can hate speech be free speech?' (1994), Australasian Gay and Lesbian Law Journal, 4, 1
Scanlan, B. & Singleton, M., 'Gay and lesbian community: Implications for police' (1996), Policing Issues and Practice Journal, 4(2), 34
Scaramuzzino, G., 'Shrinking or expanding access to civic space? The consequences of hate speech, threats and harassment within Swedish civil society' (2023), Journal of Civil Society [online]
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Schäfer, S., Rebasso, I., Boyer, M.M. & Planitzer, A.M., 'Can We Counteract Hate? Effects of Online Hate Speech and Counter Speech on the Perception of Social Groups' (2023), Communication Research [online]
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Schäfer, S., Sülflow, M. & Reiners, L., 'Hate Speech as an Indicator for the State of the Society: Effects of Hateful User Comments on Perceived Social Dynamic' (2021), Journal of Media Psychology [online]
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Scharwächter, E. & Müller, E., 'Does Terrorism Trigger Online Hate Speech? On the Association of Events and Time Series' (2020), Annals of Applied Statistics, 14(3), pp. 1285-1303
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Schauer, F., 'Messages, motives, and hate crimes' (1992), Criminal Justice Ethics, 11(2), pp.52-54
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Scheelbeek, B., 'Migrant women and the law: Barriers to access and equity' (1993), Women and the Law: Proceedings of a Conference Held 24-26 September 1991, 75
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Scheinberg, S., 'Canada: Right-Wing Extremism in the Peaceable Kingdom' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 36-54). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
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Scheinberg, S., 'Right-Wing Extremism in the United States' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 55-83). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
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Scheitle, C.P., 'Crimes occurring at places of worship: An analysis of 2012 newspaper reports' (2016), International Review of Victimology, 22(1), pp.65-74
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Scheitle, C.P., 'Religious congregations’ experiences with, fears of, and preparations for crime: Results from a national survey' (2018), Review of Religious Research, 60(1), pp.95-113
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Scheitle, C., Mabute-Louie, B., Ferguson, J., Hawkins, E. & Ecklund, E.H., 'Fear of Religious Hate Crime Victimization and the Residual Effects of Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia' (2023), Social Forces, 101(4), pp. 2059-2086
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Scheitle, C.P. & Hansmann, M., 'Religion-related hate crimes: Data, trends, and limitations' (2017), Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion [online]
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Schellenberg, B., 'Strategien gegen Rechtsextremismus und Vorurteilskriminalität – Für Pluralismus und liberale Demokratie in Deutschland' (2012), in M. Glaab & K.-R. Korte (Eds.), Angewandte Politikforschung (pp. 419-429). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
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Schembri, A., 'Beaten black and blue: Naming AIDS hate crime' (1995), National AIDS Bulletin, 9(6), 26
Schenk, R., 'Hate, rage, and cultural war: The truth of America’s big lie' (2023), in I.S. Burnett (Ed.) Re-Visioning the American Psyche: Jungian, Archetypal, and Mythological Reflections (pp. 99–116), London: Routledge
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Schepelern Johansen, B., 'Tolerance: An appropriate answer to hate?' (2018), in T. Brudholm & B. Schepelern Johansen (Eds), Hate, politics, law: Critical perspectives on combating hate (Chapter 8). New York, NY: Oxford University Press
Scheuerman, H.L., Parris, C.L., Faupel, A.H. & Werum, R., 'State-Level Determinants of Hate Crime Reporting: Examining the Impact of Structural and Social Movement Influences' (2020), Law and Policy, 42(1), pp. 31-55
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Schicchi, D., Upadhyaya, A., Fisichella, M. & Taibi, D., 'Using ChatGPT to Enhance Students’ Behavior in Social Media via the Moral Foundation Theory' (2023), Proceedings of the First International Workshop on High-performance Artificial Intelligence Systems in Education co-located with 22nd International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AIxIA 2023)
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